Amber Ruigrok University positionResearch Associate DepartmentsInstitutesResearch ThemesInterestsAmber Ruigrok is a researcher at the Autism Research Centre, Dept of Psychiatry. Amber's PhD research investigated how testosterone and variation in the androgen receptor may be involved in the development of sex differences in human brain white matter in the typically developing population. Based on these findings and previous work on sex differences in autism brain structure, her current research mostly focusses on sex differences in brain structure in typically developing individuals and individuals with autism. She is also interested in network organisation and how this changes across development, particularly how puberty influences brain maturation. Research Focus
EquipmentNo equipment indicated Collaborators
Associated News ItemsPublications2019Bedford SA, Park MTM, Devenyi GA, Tullo S, Germann J, Patel R, Anagnostou E, Baron-Cohen S, Bullmore ET, Chura LR, Craig MC, Ecker C, Floris DL, Holt RJ, Lenroot R, Lerch JP, Lombardo MV, Murphy DGM, Raznahan A, Ruigrok ANV, Smith E, Spencer MD, Suckling J, Taylor MJ, Thurm A; MRC AIMS Consortium, Lai MC, Chakravarty MM (2019), “Large-scale analyses of the relationship between sex, age and intelligence quotient heterogeneity and cortical morphometry in autism spectrum disorder.” Mol Psychiatry Guo X, Simas T, Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Chakrabarti B, Ruigrok ANV, Bullmore ET, Baron-Cohen S, Chen H, Suckling J; MRC AIMS Consortium (2019), “Enhancement of indirect functional connections with shortest path length in the adult autistic brain.” Hum Brain Mapp 2018Lombardo MV, Auyeung B, Pramparo T, Quartier A, Courraud J, Holt RJ, Waldman J, Ruigrok ANV, Mooney N, Bethlehem RAI, Lai MC, Kundu P, Bullmore ET, Mandel JL, Piton A, Baron-Cohen S (2018), “Sex-specific impact of prenatal androgens on social brain default mode subsystems.” Mol Psychiatry Roleska M, Roman-Urrestarazu A, Griffiths S, Ruigrok ANV, Holt R, van Kessel R, McColl K, Sherlaw W, Brayne C, Czabanowska K (2018), “Autism and the right to education in the EU: Policy mapping and scoping review of the United Kingdom, France, Poland and Spain” PLoS One 13(8):e0202336 2017Loth E, Charman T, Mason L, Tillmann J, Jones EJH, Wooldridge C, Ahmad J, Auyeung B, Brogna C, Ambrosino S, Banaschewski T, Baron-Cohen S, Baumeister S, Beckmann C, Brammer M, Brandeis D, Bölte S, Bourgeron T, Bours C, de Bruijn Y, Chakrabarti B, Crawley D, Cornelissen I, Acqua FD, Dumas G, Durston S, Ecker C, Faulkner J, Frouin V, Garces P, Goyard D, Hayward H, Ham LM, Hipp J, Holt RJ, Johnson MH, Isaksson J, Kundu P, Lai MC, D'ardhuy XL, Lombardo MV, Lythgoe DJ, Mandl R, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Moessnang C, Mueller N, O'Dwyer L, Oldehinkel M, Oranje B, Pandina G, Persico AM, Ruigrok ANV, Ruggeri B, Sabet J, Sacco R, Cáceres ASJ, Simonoff E, Toro R, Tost H, Waldman J, Williams SCR, Zwiers MP, Spooren W, Murphy DGM, Buitelaar JK (2017), “The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): design and methodologies to identify and validate stratification biomarkers for autism spectrum disorders.” Mol Autism 8:24 Charman T, Loth E, Tillmann J, Crawley D, Wooldridge C, Goyard D, Ahmad J, Auyeung B, Ambrosino S, Banaschewski T, Baron-Cohen S, Baumeister S, Beckmann C, Bölte S, Bourgeron T, Bours C, Brammer M, Brandeis D, Brogna C, de Bruijn Y, Chakrabarti B, Cornelissen I, Acqua FD, Dumas G, Durston S, Ecker C, Faulkner J, Frouin V, Garcés P, Ham L, Hayward H, Hipp J, Holt RJ, Isaksson J, Johnson MH, Jones EJH, Kundu P, Lai MC, D'ardhuy XL, Lombardo MV, Lythgoe DJ, Mandl R, Mason L, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Moessnang C, Mueller N, O'Dwyer L, Oldehinkel M, Oranje B, Pandina G, Persico AM, Ruggeri B, Ruigrok ANV, Sabet J, Sacco R, Cáceres ASJ, Simonoff E, Toro R, Tost H, Waldman J, Williams SCR, Zwiers MP, Spooren W, Murphy DGM, Buitelaar JK (2017), “The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): clinical characterisation.” Mol Autism 8:27 2016Lombardo MV, Auyeung B, Holt RJ, Waldman J, Ruigrok ANV, Mooney N, Bullmore ET, Baron-Cohen S, Kundu P (2016), “Improving effect size estimation and statistical power with multi-echo fMRI and its impact on understanding the neural systems supporting mentalizing.” Neuroimage 142:55-66 2013Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Suckling J, Ruigrok AN, Chakrabarti B, Ecker C, Deoni SC, Craig MC, Murphy DG, Bullmore ET, MRC AIMS Consortium, Baron-Cohen S (2013), “Biological sex affects the neurobiology of autism.” Brain 136(Pt 9):2799-815 Details Ruigrok AN, Salimi-Khorshidi G, Lai MC, Baron-Cohen S, Lombardo MV, Tait RJ, Suckling J (2013), “A meta-analysis of sex differences in human brain structure.” Neurosci Biobehav Rev Details 2012Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Chakrabarti B, Ecker C, Sadek SA, Wheelwright SJ, Murphy DG, Suckling J, Bullmore ET, MRC AIMS Consortium, Baron-Cohen S (2012), “Individual differences in brain structure underpin empathizing-systemizing cognitive styles in male adults.” Neuroimage 61(4):1347-54 Details Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Ruigrok AN, Chakrabarti B, Wheelwright SJ, Auyeung B, Allison C, MRC AIMS Consortium, Baron-Cohen S (2012), “Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences.” PLoS One 7(10):e47198 Details 2011Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Pasco G, Ruigrok AN, Wheelwright SJ, Sadek SA, Chakrabarti B, MRC AIMS Consortium, Baron-Cohen S (2011), “A behavioral comparison of male and female adults with high functioning autism spectrum conditions.” PLoS One 6(6):e20835 Details 2010Klumpers F, Raemaekers MA, Ruigrok AN, Hermans EJ, Kenemans JL, Baas JM (2010), “Prefrontal mechanisms of fear reduction after threat offset.” Biol Psychiatry 68(11):1031-8 Details |