Dr Roger Barker

University position
Reader
Departments
Department of Clinical Neurosciences
Institutes
Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair
Home page
Research Themes
Interests
I work on:
Clinical aspects of Parkinson's and Huntington's disease including the study of disease heterogeneity using cognitive testing, functional imaging and genetic biomarkers.
Examining the value of different biomarkers to assess disease onset and progression.
Evaluating and developing novel therapies for these conditions including cell transplants.
Studying the effects of the neurodegenerative brain on intrinsic adult neurogenesis.
Research Focus
KeywordsParkinson's disease Huntington's disease biomarkers cell therapies clinical research |
Clinical conditionsHuntington's disease Parkinson's disease |
Equipment
Behavioural analysis
Cell culture
Confocal microscopy
Cross-sectional and cohort studies
Fluorescence microscopy
Immunohistochemistry
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Microscopy
Neuropsychological testing
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Collaborators
Cambridge | United KingdomDavid Burn Web: http://www.ncl.ac.uk/nnp/sta... Patrick Chinnery Web: http://www.ncl.ac.uk/nnp/sta... Stephen Dunnett Web: http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/biosi/r... Anne Rosser Web: http://www.cf.ac.uk/biosi/r... InternationalRusty Gage Web: http://www.salk.edu/faculty... Josef Priller Web: http://www.charite.de/psychia... Daniel Weinberger Web: http://neuroscience.nih.gov/Lab.asp... |
Key publications
Clelland CD, Choi M, Romberg C, Clemenson GD Jr, Fragniere A, Tyers P, Jessberger S, Saksida LM, Barker RA, Gage FH, Bussey TJ (2009), “A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation.” Science 325(5937):210-3 Details
O'Keeffe GC, Tyers P, Aarsland D, Dalley JW, Barker RA, Caldwell MA (2009), “Dopamine-induced proliferation of adult neural precursor cells in the mammalian subventricular zone is mediated through EGF.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(21):8754-9 Details
Goris A, Williams-Gray CH, Clark GR, Foltynie T, Lewis SJ, Brown J, Ban M, Spillantini MG, Compston A, Burn DJ, Chinnery PF, Barker RA, Sawcer SJ (2007), “Tau and alpha-synuclein in susceptibility to, and dementia in, Parkinson's disease.” Ann Neurol 62(2):145-53 Details
Publications
2012
Aylward EH, Liu D, Nopoulos PC, Ross CA, Pierson RK, Mills JA, Long JD, Paulsen JS, PREDICT-HD Investigators and Coordinators of the Huntington Study Group (2012), “Striatal volume contributes to the prediction of onset of Huntington disease in incident cases.” Biol Psychiatry 71(9):822-8 Details
Barker RA (2012), “New hands at the helm.” J Neurol 259(1):1-3 Details
Barker RA (2012), “The future of stem cells in neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system.” CMAJ 184(6):631-2 Details
Kuan WL, Poole E, Fletcher M, Karniely S, Tyers P, Wills M, Barker RA, Sinclair JH (2012), “A novel neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson's disease using a viral noncoding RNA that protects mitochondrial complex I activity.” J Exp Med 209(1):1-10 Details
Quarrell OW, Handley O, O'Donovan K, Dumoulin C, Ramos-Arroyo M, Biunno I, Bauer P, Kline M, Landwehrmeyer GB, European Huntington’s Disease Network (2012), “Discrepancies in reporting the CAG repeat lengths for Huntington's disease.” Eur J Hum Genet 20(1):20-6 Details
Winder-Rhodes SE, Garcia-Reitböck P, Ban M, Evans JR, Jacques TS, Kemppinen A, Foltynie T, Williams-Gray CH, Chinnery PF, Hudson G, Burn DJ, Allcock LM, Sawcer SJ, Barker RA, Spillantini MG (2012), “Genetic and pathological links between Parkinson's disease and the lysosomal disorder Sanfilippo syndrome.” Mov Disord 27(2):312-5 Details
2011
Barker RA, Mason SL (2011), “Neurodegenerative disease: Tracking disease progress in Huntington disease.” Nat Rev Neurol 7(4):192-3 Details
Breen DP, Michell AW, Barker RA (2011), “Parkinson's disease--the continuing search for biomarkers.” Clin Chem Lab Med 49(3):393-401 Details
Breen DP, Rowe JB, Barker RA (2011), “Role of brain imaging in early parkinsonism.” BMJ 342:d638 Details
Cordero-Llana O, Scott SA, Maslen SL, Anderson JM, Boyle J, Chowhdury RR, Tyers P, Barker RA, Kelly CM, Rosser AE, Stephens E, Chandran S, Caldwell MA (2011), “Clusterin secreted by astrocytes enhances neuronal differentiation from human neural precursor cells.” Cell Death Differ 18(5):907-13 Details
de Yebenes JG, Landwehrmeyer B, Squitieri F, Reilmann R, Rosser A, Barker RA, Saft C, Magnet MK, Sword A, Rembratt A, Tedroff J, MermaiHD study investigators (2011), “Pridopidine for the treatment of motor function in patients with Huntington's disease (MermaiHD): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.” Lancet Neurol 10(12):1049-57 Details
Dyson SC, Barker RA (2011), “Cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease.” Expert Rev Neurother 11(6):831-44 Details
Evans JR, Barker RA (2011), “Defining meaningful outcome measures in trials of disease-modifying therapies in Parkinson's disease.” Expert Opin Pharmacother 12(8):1249-58 Details
Evans JR, Mason SL, Williams-Gray CH, Foltynie T, Brayne C, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2011), “The natural history of treated Parkinson's disease in an incident, community based cohort.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82(10):1112-8 Details
Goodman AO, Barker RA (2011), “Body composition in premanifest Huntington's disease reveals lower bone density compared to controls.” PLoS Curr 3:RRN1214 Details
Goodman AO, Rogers L, Pilsworth S, McAllister CJ, Shneerson JM, Morton AJ, Barker RA (2011), “Asymptomatic sleep abnormalities are a common early feature in patients with Huntington's disease.” Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 11(2):211-7 Details
Laguna Goya R, Busch R, Mathur R, Coles AJ, Barker RA (2011), “Human fetal neural precursor cells can up-regulate MHC class I and class II expression and elicit CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation.” Neurobiol Dis 41(2):407-14 Details
McKenzie K, Barker RA, Scott DA, Strachan DA (2011), “Use of routine health data to complement monitoring of consumer product-related injuries.” Med J Aust 195(10):580-1 Details
Nopoulos PC, Aylward EH, Ross CA, Mills JA, Langbehn DR, Johnson HJ, Magnotta VA, Pierson RK, Beglinger LJ, Nance MA, Barker RA, Paulsen JS, PREDICT-HD Investigators and Coordinators of the Huntington Study Group (2011), “Smaller intracranial volume in prodromal Huntington's disease: evidence for abnormal neurodevelopment.” Brain 134(Pt 1):137-42 Details
O'Keeffe GC, Barker RA (2011), “Dopamine stimulates epidermal growth factor release from adult neural precursor cells derived from the subventricular zone by a disintegrin and metalloprotease.” Neuroreport 22(18):956-8 Details
Perneczky R, Ghosh BC, Hughes L, Carpenter RH, Barker RA, Rowe JB (2011), “Saccadic latency in Parkinson's disease correlates with executive function and brain atrophy, but not motor severity.” Neurobiol Dis 43(1):79-85 Details
Politis M, Pavese N, Tai YF, Kiferle L, Mason SL, Brooks DJ, Tabrizi SJ, Barker RA, Piccini P (2011), “Microglial activation in regions related to cognitive function predicts disease onset in Huntington's disease: a multimodal imaging study.” Hum Brain Mapp 32(2):258-70 Details
UK Parkinson's Disease Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, Spencer CC, Plagnol V, Strange A, Gardner M, Paisan-Ruiz C, Band G, Barker RA, Bellenguez C, Bhatia K, Blackburn H, Blackwell JM, Bramon E, Brown MA, Brown MA, Burn D, Casas JP, Chinnery PF, Clarke CE, Corvin A, Craddock N, Deloukas P, Edkins S, Evans J, Freeman C, Gray E, Hardy J, Hudson G, Hunt S, Jankowski J, Langford C, Lees AJ, Markus HS, Mathew CG, McCarthy MI, Morrison KE, Palmer CN, Pearson JP, Peltonen L, Pirinen M, Plomin R, Potter S, Rautanen A, Sawcer SJ, Su Z, Trembath RC, Viswanathan AC, Williams NW, Morris HR, Donnelly P, Wood NW (2011), “Dissection of the genetics of Parkinson's disease identifies an additional association 5' of SNCA and multiple associated haplotypes at 17q21.” Hum Mol Genet 20(2):345-53 Details
Wijeyekoon R, Barker RA (2011), “The Current Status of Neural Grafting in the Treatment of Huntington's Disease. A Review.” Front Integr Neurosci 5:78 Details
2010
Breen DP, Barker RA (2010), “Parkinson's disease and 2009: recent advances.” J Neurol Details
Decressac M, Wright B, David B, Tyers P, Jaber M, Barker RA, Gaillard A (2010), “Exogenous neuropeptide Y promotes in vivo hippocampal neurogenesis.” Hippocampus Details
Goodman AO, Barker RA (2010), “How vital is sleep in Huntington's disease?” J Neurol Details
Goodman AO, Morton AJ, Barker RA (2010), “Identifying sleep disturbances in Huntington's disease using a simple disease-focused questionnaire.” PLoS Curr 2:RRN1189 Details
Hobbs NZ, Barnes J, Frost C, Henley SM, Wild EJ, Macdonald K, Barker RA, Scahill RI, Fox NC, Tabrizi SJ (2010), “Onset and Progression of Pathologic Atrophy in Huntington Disease: A Longitudinal MR Imaging Study.” AJNR Am J Neuroradiol Details
Hughes LE, Barker RA, Owen AM, Rowe JB (2010), “Parkinson's disease and healthy aging: Independent and interacting effects on action selection.” Hum Brain Mapp Details
Kieburtz K, McDermott MP, Voss TS, Corey-Bloom J, Deuel LM, Dorsey ER, Factor S, Geschwind MD, Hodgeman K, Kayson E, Noonberg S, Pourfar M, Rabinowitz K, Ravina B, Sanchez-Ramos J, Seely L, Walker F, Feigin A, Dimebon in Subjects with Huntington Disease (DIMOND) Investigators of the Huntington Study Group (2010), “A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of latrepirdine in Huntington disease.” Arch Neurol 67(2):154-60 Details
Laguna Goya R, Tyers P, Barker RA (2010), “Adult neurogenesis is unaffected by a functional knock-out of MHC class I in mice.” Neuroreport 21(5):349-53 Details
Langbehn DR, Hayden MR, Paulsen JS, PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group (2010), “CAG-repeat length and the age of onset in Huntington disease (HD): a review and validation study of statistical approaches.” Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 153B(2):397-408 Details
Pavese N, Politis M, Tai YF, Barker RA, Tabrizi SJ, Mason SL, Brooks DJ, Piccini P (2010), “Cortical dopamine dysfunction in symptomatic and premanifest Huntington's disease gene carriers.” Neurobiol Dis 37(2):356-61 Details
Rowe JB, Hughes LE, Barker RA, Owen AM (2010), “Dynamic causal modelling of effective connectivity from fMRI: Are results reproducible and sensitive to Parkinson's disease and its treatment?” Neuroimage Details
2009
Aziz NA, Jurgens CK, Landwehrmeyer GB, EHDN Registry Study Group, van Roon-Mom WM, van Ommen GJ, Stijnen T, Roos RA (2009), “Normal and mutant HTT interact to affect clinical severity and progression in Huntington disease.” Neurology 73(16):1280-5 Details
Barker RA (2009), “Parkinson's disease and growth factors - are they the answer?” Parkinsonism Relat Disord 15 Suppl 3:S181-4 Details
Barker RA, Michell AW (2009), “"The eyes have it". Saccadometry and Parkinson's disease.” Exp Neurol Details
Biglan KM, Ross CA, Langbehn DR, Aylward EH, Stout JC, Queller S, Carlozzi NE, Duff K, Beglinger LJ, Paulsen JS, PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group (2009), “Motor abnormalities in premanifest persons with Huntington's disease: the PREDICT-HD study.” Mov Disord 24(12):1763-72 Details
Cools R, Rogers R, Barker RA, Robbins TW (2009), “Top-Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations.” J Cogn Neurosci Details
Foltynie T, Cheeran B, Williams-Gray CH, Edwards MJ, Schneider SA, Weinberger D, Rothwell JC, Barker RA, Bhatia KP (2009), “BDNF val66met influences time to onset of levodopa induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80(2):141-4 Details
Henley SM, Wild EJ, Hobbs NZ, Frost C, MacManus DG, Barker RA, Fox NC, Tabrizi SJ (2009), “Whole-brain atrophy as a measure of progression in premanifest and early Huntington's disease.” Mov Disord 24(6):932-6 Details
Henley SM, Wild EJ, Hobbs NZ, Scahill RI, Ridgway GR, Macmanus DG, Barker RA, Fox NC, Tabrizi SJ (2009), “Relationship between CAG repeat length and brain volume in premanifest and early Huntington's disease.” J Neurol 256(2):203-12 Details
Ho AK, Gilbert AS, Mason SL, Goodman AO, Barker RA (2009), “Health-related quality of life in Huntington's disease: Which factors matter most?” Mov Disord 24(4):574-8 Details
Hobbs NZ, Henley SM, Wild EJ, Leung KK, Frost C, Barker RA, Scahill RI, Barnes J, Tabrizi SJ, Fox NC (2009), “Automated quantification of caudate atrophy by local registration of serial MRI: evaluation and application in Huntington's disease.” Neuroimage 47(4):1659-65 Details
Kehagia AA, Cools R, Barker RA, Robbins TW (2009), “Switching between abstract rules reflects disease severity but not dopaminergic status in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychologia 47(4):1117-27 Details
Lazic SE, Mason SL, Michell AW, Barker RA (2009), “Visualising disease progression on multiple variables with vector plots and path plots.” BMC Med Res Methodol 9:32 Details
Lewis SJ, Barker RA (2009), “Understanding the dopaminergic deficits in Parkinson's disease: insights into disease heterogeneity.” J Clin Neurosci 16(5):620-5 Details
Lewis SJ, Barker RA (2009), “A pathophysiological model of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.” Parkinsonism Relat Disord 15(5):333-8 Details
Mason SL, Barker RA (2009), “Emerging drug therapies in Huntington's disease.” Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 14(2):273-97 Details
O'Keeffe GC, Michell AW, Barker RA (2009), “Biomarkers in Huntington's and Parkinson's Disease.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 1180:97-110 Details
O'Keeffe GI, Barker RA, Caldwell MA (2009), “Dopaminergic modulation of neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of the adult brain.” Cell Cycle 8(18) Details
Phillips W, Michell A, Pruess H, Barker RA (2009), “Animal models of neurodegenerative diseases.” Methods Mol Biol 549:137-55 Details
Thomas M, Tyers P, Lazic SE, Barker RA, Beazley L, Ziman M (2009), “Graft outcomes influenced by co-expression of Pax7 in graft and host tissue.” J Anat 214(3):396-405 Details
Wijeyekoon R, Barker RA (2009), “Cell replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease.” Biochim Biophys Acta 1792(7):688-702 Details
Williams-Gray C, Goris A, Foltynie T, Compston A, Sawcer S, Barker RA (2009), “No evidence for association between an MAOA functional polymorphism and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 256(1):132-3 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Evans JR, Goris A, Foltynie T, Ban M, Robbins TW, Brayne C, Kolachana BS, Weinberger DR, Sawcer SJ, Barker RA (2009), “The distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease: 5 year follow-up of the CamPaIGN cohort.” Brain 132(Pt 11):2958-69 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Goris A, Saiki M, Foltynie T, Compston DA, Sawcer SJ, Barker RA (2009), “Apolipoprotein E genotype as a risk factor for susceptibility to and dementia in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 256(3):493-8 Details
2008
Antoniades CA, Barker RA (2008), “The search for biomarkers in Parkinson's disease: a critical review.” Expert Rev Neurother 8(12):1841-52 Details
Blackwell AD, Paterson NS, Barker RA, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ (2008), “The effects of modafinil on mood and cognition in Huntington's disease.” Psychopharmacology (Berl) Details
Clelland CD, Barker RA, Watts C (2008), “Cell therapy in Huntington disease.” Neurosurg Focus 24(3-4):E9 Details
Evans JR, Barker RA (2008), “Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.” Expert Opin Ther Targets 12(4):437-47 Details
Goodman AO, Murgatroyd PR, Medina-Gomez G, Wood NI, Finer N, Vidal-Puig AJ, Morton AJ, Barker RA (2008), “The metabolic profile of early Huntington's disease--a combined human and transgenic mouse study.” Exp Neurol 210(2):691-8 Details
Henley SM, Wild EJ, Hobbs NZ, Warren JD, Frost C, Scahill RI, Ridgway GR, MacManus DG, Barker RA, Fox NC, Tabrizi SJ (2008), “Defective emotion recognition in early HD is neuropsychologically and anatomically generic.” Neuropsychologia 46(8):2152-60 Details
Kuan WL, Zhao JW, Barker RA (2008), “The role of anxiety in the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in an animal model of Parkinson's disease, and the effect of chronic treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram.” Psychopharmacology (Berl) 197(2):279-93 Details
Laguna Goya R, Tyers P, Barker RA (2008), “The search for a curative cell therapy in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol Sci 265(1-2):32-42 Details
Mercy L, Hodges JR, Dawson K, Barker RA, Brayne C (2008), “Incidence of early-onset dementias in Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.” Neurology 71(19):1496-9 Details
Michell AW, Goodman AO, Silva AH, Lazic SE, Morton AJ, Barker RA (2008), “Hand tapping: a simple, reproducible, objective marker of motor dysfunction in Huntington's disease.” J Neurol 255(8):1145-52 Details
Phillips W, Shannon KM, Barker RA (2008), “The current clinical management of Huntington's disease.” Mov Disord 23(11):1491-504 Details
Politis M, Pavese N, Tai YF, Tabrizi SJ, Barker RA, Piccini P (2008), “Hypothalamic involvement in Huntington's disease: an in vivo PET study.” Brain 131(Pt 11):2860-9 Details
Quinn N, Barker RA, Wenning GK (2008), “Are trials of intravascular infusions of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with multiple system atrophy currently justified, and are they effective?” Clin Pharmacol Ther 83(5):663-5 Details
Reuter I, Tai YF, Pavese N, Chaudhuri KR, Mason S, Polkey CE, Clough C, Brooks DJ, Barker RA, Piccini P (2008), “Long-term clinical and positron emission tomography outcome of fetal striatal transplantation in Huntington's disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79(8):948-51 Details
Rowe JB, Hughes L, Ghosh BC, Eckstein D, Williams-Gray CH, Fallon S, Barker RA, Owen AM (2008), “Parkinson's disease and dopaminergic therapy--differential effects on movement, reward and cognition.” Brain 131(Pt 8):2094-105 Details
Rowe JB, Hughes L, Williams-Gray CH, Bishop S, Fallon S, Barker RA, Owen AM (2008), “The val(158)met COMT polymorphism's effect on atrophy in healthy aging and Parkinson's disease.” Neurobiol Aging Details
Thompson SA, Calvin J, Hogg S, Ferdinandusse S, Wanders RJ, Barker RA (2008), “Relapsing encephalopathy in a patient with alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79(4):448-50 Details
Wedderburn C, Wear H, Brown J, Mason SJ, Barker RA, Hodges J, Williams-Gray C (2008), “The utility of the Cambridge Behavioural Inventory in neurodegenerative disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79(5):500-3 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Hampshire A, Barker RA, Owen AM (2008), “Attentional control in Parkinson's disease is dependent on COMT val 158 met genotype.” Brain 131(Pt 2):397-408 Details
Wood NI, Goodman AO, van der Burg JM, Gazeau V, Brundin P, Björkqvist M, Petersén A, Tabrizi SJ, Barker RA, Jennifer Morton A (2008), “Increased thirst and drinking in Huntington's disease and the R6/2 mouse.” Brain Res Bull 76(1-2):70-9 Details
2007
Antoniades CA, Altham PM, Mason SL, Barker RA, Carpenter R (2007), “Saccadometry: a new tool for evaluating presymptomatic Huntington patients.” Neuroreport 18(11):1133-6 Details
Cools R, Lewis SJ, Clark L, Barker RA, Robbins TW (2007), “L-DOPA disrupts activity in the nucleus accumbens during reversal learning in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychopharmacology 32(1):180-9 Details
Goris A, Williams-Gray CH, Foltynie T, Brown J, Maranian M, Walton A, Compston DA, Barker RA, Sawcer SJ (2007), “Investigation of TGFB2 as a candidate gene in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 254(7):846-8 Details
Goya RL, Kuan WL, Barker RA (2007), “The future of cell therapies in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.” Expert Opin Biol Ther 7(10):1487-98 Details
Kuan WL, Lin R, Tyers P, Barker RA (2007), “The importance of A9 dopaminergic neurons in mediating the functional benefits of fetal ventral mesencephalon transplants and levodopa-induced dyskinesias.” Neurobiol Dis 25(3):594-608 Details
Lawrence AJ, Blackwell AD, Barker RA, Spagnolo F, Clark L, Aitken MR, Sahakian BJ (2007), “Predictors of punding in Parkinson's disease: results from a questionnaire survey.” Mov Disord 22(16):2339-45 Details
Lazic SE, Goodman AO, Grote HE, Blakemore C, Morton AJ, Hannan AJ, van Dellen A, Barker RA (2007), “Olfactory abnormalities in Huntington's disease: decreased plasticity in the primary olfactory cortex of R6/1 transgenic mice and reduced olfactory discrimination in patients.” Brain Res 1151:219-26 Details
Michell AW, Tofaris GK, Gossage H, Tyers P, Spillantini MG, Barker RA (2007), “The effect of truncated human alpha-synuclein (1-120) on dopaminergic cells in a transgenic mouse model of Parkinson's disease.” Cell Transplant 16(5):461-74 Details
Tai YF, Pavese N, Gerhard A, Tabrizi SJ, Barker RA, Brooks DJ, Piccini P (2007), “Microglial activation in presymptomatic Huntington's disease gene carriers.” Brain 130(Pt 7):1759-66 Details
Tai YF, Pavese N, Gerhard A, Tabrizi SJ, Barker RA, Brooks DJ, Piccini P (2007), “Imaging microglial activation in Huntington's disease.” Brain Res Bull 72(2-3):148-51 Details
Thomas MG, Barker RA, Beazley LD, Ziman MR (2007), “Pax7 expression in the adult rat superior colliculus following optic nerve injury.” Neuroreport 18(2):105-9 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Barker RA (2007), “Visual hallucinations predict increased benefits from rivastigmine in Parkinson's disease dementia.” Nat Clin Pract Neurol 3(5):250-1 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Foltynie T, Brayne CE, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2007), “Evolution of cognitive dysfunction in an incident Parkinson's disease cohort.” Brain 130(Pt 7):1787-98 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Hampshire A, Robbins TW, Owen AM, Barker RA (2007), “Catechol O-methyltransferase Val158Met genotype influences frontoparietal activity during planning in patients with Parkinson's disease.” J Neurosci 27(18):4832-8 Details
Wright BL, Barker RA (2007), “Established and emerging therapies for Huntington's disease.” Curr Mol Med 7(6):579-87 Details
2006
Ali FR, Michell AW, Barker RA, Carpenter RH (2006), “The use of quantitative oculometry in the assessment of Huntington's disease.” Exp Brain Res 169(2):237-45 Details
Barker RA (2006), “Continuing trials of GDNF in Parkinson's disease.” Lancet Neurol 5(4):285-6 Details
Farrington M, Wreghitt TG, Lever AM, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2006), “Neural transplantation in Huntington's disease: the NEST-UK donor tissue microbiological screening program and review of the literature.” Cell Transplant 15(4):279-94 Details
Goris A, Williams-Gray CH, Foltynie T, Compston DA, Barker RA, Sawcer SJ (2006), “No evidence for association with Parkinson disease for 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by whole-genome association screening.” Am J Hum Genet 78(6):1088-90; author reply 1092-4 Details
Harrower TP, Tyers P, Hooks Y, Barker RA (2006), “Long-term survival and integration of porcine expanded neural precursor cell grafts in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.” Exp Neurol 197(1):56-69 Details
Heath CA, Barker RA, Esmonde TF, Harvey P, Roberts R, Trend P, Head MW, Smith C, Bell JE, Ironside JW, Will RG, Knight RS (2006), “Dura mater-associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: experience from surveillance in the UK.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77(7):880-2 Details
Ho AK, Robbins AO, Barker RA (2006), “Huntington's disease patients have selective problems with insight.” Mov Disord 21(3):385-9 Details
Jain M, Armstrong RJ, Elneil S, Barker RA (2006), “Transplanted human neural precursor cells migrate widely but show no lesion-specific tropism in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease.” Cell Transplant 15(7):579-93 Details
Kuan WL, Hurelbrink CB, Barker RA (2006), “Increased capacity for axonal outgrowth using xenogenic tissue in vitro and in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.” Xenotransplantation 13(3):233-47 Details
Lazic SE, Grote HE, Blakemore C, Hannan AJ, van Dellen A, Phillips W, Barker RA (2006), “Neurogenesis in the R6/1 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease: effects of environmental enrichment.” Eur J Neurosci 23(7):1829-38 Details
Michell AW, Xu Z, Fritz D, Lewis SJ, Foltynie T, Williams-Gray CH, Robbins TW, Carpenter RH, Barker RA (2006), “Saccadic latency distributions in Parkinson's disease and the effects of L-dopa.” Exp Brain Res 174(1):7-18 Details
Pavese N, Gerhard A, Tai YF, Ho AK, Turkheimer F, Barker RA, Brooks DJ, Piccini P (2006), “Microglial activation correlates with severity in Huntington disease: a clinical and PET study.” Neurology 66(11):1638-43 Details
Phillips W, Jennifer Morton A, Barker RA (2006), “Limbic neurogenesis/plasticity in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease.” Neuroreport 17(15):1623-7 Details
Phillips W, Michell AW, Barker RA (2006), “Neurogenesis in diseases of the central nervous system.” Stem Cells Dev 15(3):359-79 Details
Robbins AO, Ho AK, Barker RA (2006), “Weight changes in Huntington's disease.” Eur J Neurol 13(8):e7 Details
Slabosz A, Lewis SJ, Smigasiewicz K, Szymura B, Barker RA, Owen AM (2006), “The role of learned irrelevance in attentional set-shifting impairments in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychology 20(5):578-88 Details
Swainson R, SenGupta D, Shetty T, Watkins LH, Summers BA, Sahakian BJ, Polkey CE, Barker RA, Robbins TW (2006), “Impaired dimensional selection but intact use of reward feedback during visual discrimination learning in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychologia 44(8):1290-304 Details
Underwood BR, Broadhurst D, Dunn WB, Ellis DI, Michell AW, Vacher C, Mosedale DE, Kell DB, Barker RA, Grainger DJ, Rubinsztein DC (2006), “Huntington disease patients and transgenic mice have similar pro-catabolic serum metabolite profiles.” Brain 129(Pt 4):877-86 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Foltynie T, Lewis SJ, Barker RA (2006), “Cognitive deficits and psychosis in Parkinson's disease: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutic options.” CNS Drugs 20(6):477-505 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Goris A, Foltynie T, Brown J, Maranian M, Walton A, Compston DA, Sawcer SJ, Barker RA (2006), “Prevalence of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation in a UK community based idiopathic Parkinson's disease cohort.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77(5):665-7 Details
Williams-Gray CH, Goris A, Foltynie T, Brown J, Maranian M, Walton A, Compston DA, Sawcer SJ, Barker RA (2006), “No alterations in alpha-synuclein gene dosage observed in sporadic Parkinson's disease.” Mov Disord 21(5):731-2 Details
2005
Barker RA (2005), “The neurological assessment of patients in vegetative and minimally conscious states.” Neuropsychol Rehabil 15(3-4):214-23 Details
Cheesman AL, Barker RA, Lewis SJ, Robbins TW, Owen AM, Brooks DJ (2005), “Lateralisation of striatal function: evidence from 18F-dopa PET in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76(9):1204-10 Details
Foltynie T, Hicks A, Sawcer S, Jonasdottir A, Setakis E, Maranian M, Yeo T, Lewis S, Brayne C, Stefansson K, Compston A, Gulcher J, Barker RA (2005), “A genome wide linkage disequilibrium screen in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 252(5):597-602 Details
Foltynie T, Lewis SG, Goldberg TE, Blackwell AD, Kolachana BS, Weinberger DR, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2005), “The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism has a gender specific influence on planning ability in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 252(7):833-8 Details
Harrower T, Barker RA (2005), “Cell therapies for neurological disease--from bench to clinic to bench.” Expert Opin Biol Ther 5(3):289-91 Details
Harrower TP, Michell AW, Barker RA (2005), “Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease: protectors or perpetrators?” Exp Neurol 195(1):1-6 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Barker RA (2005), “Migration of cells from primary transplants of allo- and xenografted foetal striatal tissue in the adult rat brain.” Eur J Neurosci 21(6):1503-10 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Lewis SJ, Barker RA (2005), “The use of the Actiwatch-Neurologica system to objectively assess the involuntary movements and sleep-wake activity in patients with mild-moderate Huntington's disease.” J Neurol 252(6):642-7 Details
Kuan WL, Barker RA (2005), “New therapeutic approaches to Parkinson's disease including neural transplants.” Neurorehabil Neural Repair 19(3):155-81 Details
Lewis SJ, Foltynie T, Blackwell AD, Robbins TW, Owen AM, Barker RA (2005), “Heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease in the early clinical stages using a data driven approach.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76(3):343-8 Details
Lewis SJ, Slabosz A, Robbins TW, Barker RA, Owen AM (2005), “Dopaminergic basis for deficits in working memory but not attentional set-shifting in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychologia 43(6):823-32 Details
Longworth CE, Keenan SE, Barker RA, Marslen-Wilson WD, Tyler LK (2005), “The basal ganglia and rule-governed language use: evidence from vascular and degenerative conditions.” Brain 128(Pt 3):584-96 Details
Michell AW, Barker RA, Raha SK, Raha-Chowdhury R (2005), “A case of late onset sporadic Parkinson's disease with an A53T mutation in alpha-synuclein.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76(4):596-7 Details
Michell AW, Luheshi LM, Barker RA (2005), “Skin and platelet alpha-synuclein as peripheral biomarkers of Parkinson's disease.” Neurosci Lett 381(3):294-8 Details
Morton AJ, Wood NI, Hastings MH, Hurelbrink C, Barker RA, Maywood ES (2005), “Disintegration of the sleep-wake cycle and circadian timing in Huntington's disease.” J Neurosci 25(1):157-63 Details
Phillips W, Morton AJ, Barker RA (2005), “Abnormalities of neurogenesis in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease are attributable to the in vivo microenvironment.” J Neurosci 25(50):11564-76 Details
2004
Barker RA, Foltynie T (2004), “The future challenges in Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 251(3):361-5 Details
Barker RA, Widner H (2004), “Immune problems in central nervous system cell therapy.” NeuroRx 1(4):472-81 Details
Foltynie T, Brayne CE, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2004), “The cognitive ability of an incident cohort of Parkinson's patients in the UK. The CamPaIGN study.” Brain 127(Pt 3):550-60 Details
Foltynie T, Goldberg TE, Lewis SG, Blackwell AD, Kolachana BS, Weinberger DR, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2004), “Planning ability in Parkinson's disease is influenced by the COMT val158met polymorphism.” Mov Disord 19(8):885-91 Details
Foltynie T, Robbins YW, Brayne C, Barker RA (2004), “Cognitive impairments are common among a population cohort of newly diagnosed PD patients - the CamPaIGN study” Brain 127:550-60
Harrower TP, Barker RA (2004), “Is there a future for neural transplantation?” BioDrugs 18(3):141-53 Details
Harrower TP, Barker RA (2004), “The emerging technologies of neural xenografting and stem cell transplantation for treating neurodegenerative disorders.” Drugs Today (Barc) 40(2):171-89 Details
Harrower TP, Richards A, Cruz G, Copeman L, Dunnett SB, Barker RA (2004), “Complement regulatory proteins are expressed at low levels in embryonic human, wild type and transgenic porcine neural tissue.” Xenotransplantation 11(1):60-71 Details
Ho AK, Nestor PJ, Williams GB, Bradshaw JL, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2004), “Pseudo-neglect in Huntington's disease correlates with decreased angular gyrus density.” Neuroreport 15(6):1061-4 Details
Ho AK, Robbins AO, Walters SJ, Kaptoge S, Sahakian BJ, Barker RA (2004), “Health-related quality of life in Huntington's disease: a comparison of two generic instruments, SF-36 and SIP.” Mov Disord 19(11):1341-8 Details
Ho AK, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Barker RA (2004), “Random number generation in patients with symptomatic and presymptomatic Huntington's disease.” Cogn Behav Neurol 17(4):208-12 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Barker RA (2004), “The potential of GDNF as a treatment for Parkinson's disease.” Exp Neurol 185(1):1-6 Details
Lazic SE, Barker RA (2004), “Rapid decline in motor symptoms in HD neural transplant patients prior to surgery.” Brain Res Bull 63(1):83-4 Details
Lazic SE, Grote H, Armstrong RJ, Blakemore C, Hannan AJ, van Dellen A, Barker RA (2004), “Decreased hippocampal cell proliferation in R6/1 Huntington's mice.” Neuroreport 15(5):811-3 Details
Lewis SJ, Dove A, Robbins TW, Barker RA, Owen AM (2004), “Striatal contributions to working memory: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in humans.” Eur J Neurosci 19(3):755-60 Details
Michell AW, Lewis SJ, Foltynie T, Barker RA (2004), “Biomarkers and Parkinson's disease.” Brain 127(Pt 8):1693-705 Details
Michell AW, Phillips W, Barker RA (2004), “Can endogenous stem cells be stimulated to repair the degenerating brain?” J Pharm Pharmacol 56(10):1201-10 Details
Sayles M, Jain M, Barker RA (2004), “The cellular repair of the brain in Parkinson's disease--past, present and future.” Transpl Immunol 12(3-4):321-42 Details
Wilkins A, Brown JM, Barker RA (2004), “SCA2 presenting as levodopa-responsive parkinsonism in a young patient from the United Kingdom: a case report.” Mov Disord 19(5):593-5 Details
2003
Armstrong RJ, Tyers P, Jain M, Richards A, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2003), “Transplantation of expanded neural precursor cells from the developing pig ventral mesencephalon in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.” Exp Brain Res 151(2):204-17 Details
Aron AR, Watkins L, Sahakian BJ, Monsell S, Barker RA, Robbins TW (2003), “Task-set switching deficits in early-stage Huntington's disease: implications for basal ganglia function.” J Cogn Neurosci 15(5):629-42 Details
Barker RA, Foltynie T (2003), “How common is dementia with Lewy bodies?” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74(6):697-8 Details
Barker RA, Jain M, Armstrong RJ, Caldwell MA (2003), “Stem cells and neurological disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74(5):553-7 Details
Browne GJ, Lam LT, Barker RA (2003), “The usefulness of a modified adult protocol for the clearance of paediatric cervical spine injury in the emergency department.” Emerg Med (Fremantle) 15(2):133-42 Details
Cools R, Barker RA, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW (2003), “L-Dopa medication remediates cognitive inflexibility, but increases impulsivity in patients with Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychologia 41(11):1431-41 Details
Ho AK, Manly T, Nestor PJ, Sahakian BJ, Bak TH, Robbins TW, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2003), “A case of unilateral neglect in Huntington's disease.” Neurocase 9(3):261-73 Details
Ho AK, Sahakian BJ, Brown RG, Barker RA, Hodges JR, Ané MN, Snowden J, Thompson J, Esmonde T, Gentry R, Moore JW, Bodner T, NEST-HD Consortium (2003), “Profile of cognitive progression in early Huntington's disease.” Neurology 61(12):1702-6 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Tyers P, Armstrong RJ, Dunnett SB, Barker RA, Rosser AE (2003), “Long-term hibernation of human fetal striatal tissue does not adversely affect its differentiation in vitro or graft survival: implications for clinical trials in Huntington's disease.” Cell Transplant 12(7):687-95 Details
Jain M, Armstrong RJ, Elneil S, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2003), “Migration and differentiation of transplanted human neural precursor cells.” Neuroreport 14(9):1257-62 Details
Jain M, Armstrong RJ, Tyers P, Barker RA, Rosser AE (2003), “GABAergic immunoreactivity is predominant in neurons derived from expanded human neural precursor cells in vitro.” Exp Neurol 182(1):113-23 Details
Lazic SE, Barker RA (2003), “The future of cell-based transplantation therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.” J Hematother Stem Cell Res 12(6):635-42 Details
Lewis SJ, Caldwell MA, Barker RA (2003), “Modern therapeutic approaches in Parkinson's disease.” Expert Rev Mol Med 5(10):1-20 Details
Lewis SJ, Cools R, Robbins TW, Dove A, Barker RA, Owen AM (2003), “Using executive heterogeneity to explore the nature of working memory deficits in Parkinson's disease.” Neuropsychologia 41(6):645-54 Details
Lewis SJ, Dove A, Robbins TW, Barker RA, Owen AM (2003), “Cognitive impairments in early Parkinson's disease are accompanied by reductions in activity in frontostriatal neural circuitry.” J Neurosci 23(15):6351-6 Details
Pavese N, Andrews TC, Brooks DJ, Ho AK, Rosser AE, Barker RA, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ, Dunnett SB, Piccini P (2003), “Progressive striatal and cortical dopamine receptor dysfunction in Huntington's disease: a PET study.” Brain 126(Pt 5):1127-35 Details
Rosser AE, Barker RA, Armstrong RJ, Elneil S, Jain M, Hurelbrink CB, Prentice A, Carne C, Thornton S, Hutchinson H, Dunnett SB (2003), “Staging and preparation of human fetal striatal tissue for neural transplantation in Huntington's disease.” Cell Transplant 12(7):679-86 Details
2002
Armstrong RJ, Hurelbrink CB, Tyers P, Ratcliffe EL, Richards A, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2002), “The potential for circuit reconstruction by expanded neural precursor cells explored through porcine xenografts in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.” Exp Neurol 175(1):98-111 Details
Barker RA (2002), “Repairing the brain in Parkinson's disease: where next?” Mov Disord 17(2):233-41 Details
Cools R, Stefanova E, Barker RA, Robbins TW, Owen AM (2002), “Dopaminergic modulation of high-level cognition in Parkinson's disease: the role of the prefrontal cortex revealed by PET.” Brain 125(Pt 3):584-94 Details
Foltynie T, Brayne C, Barker RA (2002), “The heterogeneity of idiopathic Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol 249(2):138-45 Details
Foltynie T, Sawcer S, Brayne C, Barker RA (2002), “The genetic basis of Parkinson's disease.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 73(4):363-70 Details
Harrower TP, Richards A, Cruz G, Copeman L, Dunnett SB, Barker RA (2002), “Alpha Gal is widely expressed in embryonic porcine stem cells and neural tissue.” Neuroreport 13(4):481-5 Details
Ho AK, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Barker RA, Rosser AE, Hodges JR (2002), “Verbal fluency in Huntington's disease: a longitudinal analysis of phonemic and semantic clustering and switching.” Neuropsychologia 40(8):1277-84 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Armstrong RJ, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2002), “Neural cells from primary human striatal xenografts migrate extensively in the adult rat CNS.” Eur J Neurosci 15(7):1255-66 Details
Rosser AE, Barker RA, Harrower T, Watts C, Farrington M, Ho AK, Burnstein RM, Menon DK, Gillard JH, Pickard J, Dunnett SB, NEST-UK (2002), “Unilateral transplantation of human primary fetal tissue in four patients with Huntington's disease: NEST-UK safety report ISRCTN no 36485475.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 73(6):678-85 Details
2001
Armstrong RJ, Barker RA (2001), “Neurodegeneration: a failure of neuroregeneration?” Lancet 358(9288):1174-6 Details
Armstrong RJ, Harrower TP, Hurelbrink CB, McLaughin M, Ratcliffe EL, Tyers P, Richards A, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2001), “Porcine neural xenografts in the immunocompetent rat: immune response following grafting of expanded neural precursor cells.” Neuroscience 106(1):201-16 Details
Barker RA (2001), “Getting to the heart of dementia.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 71(5):574-5 Details
Barker RA, Rosser AE (2001), “Neural transplantation therapies for Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases.” Drug Discov Today 6(11):575-582 Details
Cools R, Barker RA, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW (2001), “Enhanced or impaired cognitive function in Parkinson's disease as a function of dopaminergic medication and task demands.” Cereb Cortex 11(12):1136-43 Details
Cools R, Barker RA, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW (2001), “Mechanisms of cognitive set flexibility in Parkinson's disease.” Brain 124(Pt 12):2503-12 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Armstrong RJ, Luheshi LM, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE, Barker RA (2001), “Death of dopaminergic neurons in vitro and in nigral grafts: reevaluating the role of caspase activation.” Exp Neurol 171(1):46-58 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Barker RA (2001), “Prospects for the treatment of Parkinson's disease using neurotrophic factors.” Expert Opin Pharmacother 2(10):1531-43 Details
Jain M, Armstrong RJ, Barker RA, Rosser AE (2001), “Cellular and molecular aspects of striatal development.” Brain Res Bull 55(4):533-40 Details
2000
Barker RA (2000), “Prospects for the treatment of Parkinson's disease using neural grafts.” Expert Opin Pharmacother 1(5):889-902 Details
Barker RA (2000), “Porcine neural xenografts: what are the issues?” Novartis Found Symp 231:184-96; discussion 196-201, 302-6 Details
Barker RA, Kendall AL, Widner H (2000), “Neural tissue xenotransplantation: what is needed prior to clinical trials in Parkinson's disease? Neural Tissue Xenografting Project.” Cell Transplant 9(2):235-46 Details
Barker RA, Ratcliffe E, McLaughlin M, Richards A, Dunnett SB (2000), “A role for complement in the rejection of porcine ventral mesencephalic xenografts in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.” J Neurosci 20(9):3415-24 Details
Hurelbrink CB, Armstrong RJ, Barker RA, Dunnett SB, Rosser AE (2000), “Hibernated human fetal striatal tissue: successful transplantation in a rat model of Huntington's disease.” Cell Transplant 9(6):743-9 Details
1999
Barker RA, Anderson JR, Meyer P, Dick DJ, Scolding NJ (1999), “Microangiopathy of the brain and retina with hearing loss in a 50 year old woman: extending the spectrum of Susac's syndrome.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 66(5):641-3 Details
Barker RA, Dick DJ, Cochius JI (1999), “Delayed postanoxic encephalopathy and pseudodeficiency of arylsulphatase A.” J Neurol 246(11):1103-4 Details
Barker RA, Dunnett SB (1999), “Functional integration of neural grafts in Parkinson's disease.” Nat Neurosci 2(12):1047-8 Details
Barker RA, Dunnett SB, Richards A (1999), “The rejection of neural xenotransplants: a role for antibodies.” Transplantation 68(8):1091-2 Details
Barker RA, Ratcliffe E, Richards A, Dunnett SB (1999), “Fetal porcine dopaminergic cell survival in vitro and its relationship to embryonic age.” Cell Transplant 8(6):593-9 Details
1998
Barker RA, Revesz T, Thom M, Marsden CD, Brown P (1998), “Review of 23 patients affected by the stiff man syndrome: clinical subdivision into stiff trunk (man) syndrome, stiff limb syndrome, and progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 65(5):633-40 Details
Dunnett SB, Torres EM, Richards H, Barker RA (1998), “Effects of surgical anaesthesia on the viability of nigral grafts in the rat striatum.” Cell Transplant 7(6):567-72 Details
Molyneux PD, Barker RA, Thom M, van Paesschen W, Harkness WF, Duncan JS (1998), “Successful treatment of intractable epilepsia partialis continua with multiple subpial transections.” J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 65(1):137-8 Details
1997
Annett LE, Torres EM, Clarke DJ, Ishida Y, Barker RA, Ridley RM, Baker HF, Dunnett SB (1997), “Survival of nigral grafts within the striatum of marmosets with 6-OHDA lesions depends critically on donor embryo age.” Cell Transplant 6(6):557-69 Details
1996
Barker RA, Dunnett SB, Faissner A, Fawcett JW (1996), “The time course of loss of dopaminergic neurons and the gliotic reaction surrounding grafts of embryonic mesencephalon to the striatum.” Exp Neurol 141(1):79-93 Details
Fricker RA, Barker RA, Fawcett JW, Dunnett SB (1996), “A comparative study of preparation techniques for improving the viability of striatal grafts using vital stains, in vitro cultures, and in vivo grafts.” Cell Transplant 5(6):599-611 Details
1995
Barker RA, Fricker RA, Abrous DN, Fawcett J, Dunnett SB (1995), “A comparative study of preparation techniques for improving the viability of nigral grafts using vital stains, in vitro cultures, and in vivo grafts.” Cell Transplant 4(2):173-200 Details
Fawcett JW, Barker RA, Dunnett SB (1995), “Dopaminergic neuronal survival and the effects of bFGF in explant, three dimensional and monolayer cultures of embryonic rat ventral mesencephalon.” Exp Brain Res 106(2):275-82 Details


